): The vector difference between the own ship’s velocity and the target's velocity.
More details on reliability in CPA calculations
Modern "Ocean CPA" calculations typically integrate data from two primary systems: Ocean CPA method.pdf
The perpendicular distance from the own ship to the target's relative motion line. 5. Advanced Refinements
The CPA is traditionally calculated using vector geometry. Determine Relative Velocity ( Vrcap V sub r ): The vector difference between the own ship’s
Recent research, such as that found on ScienceDirect and ResearchGate , suggests improving basic CPA by:
The minimum distance (usually in nautical miles) between the vessels at the moment of closest approach. Ocean CPA method.pdf
Uses radio waves to track the relative bearing and range of nearby targets.