: Tools like emails and social media move learners from passive textbooks to live audiences in real contexts.
In her seminal book, , Carol A. Chapelle explores how technology fundamentally reshapes the way we teach and evaluate English as a second or foreign language.
: Chapelle discusses the "test design-construct connection," exploring how automated writing evaluation (AWE) and scoring tools impact our definition of language proficiency.
The lectures categorize the digital revolution's impact on specific learning modes:
The integration of technology into ELT (English Language Teaching) offers several "pedagogical advantages": English Language Learning and Technology
: The idea that technology provides a unique environment for "negotiation of meaning"—essential for second language acquisition. 2. Core Applications in English Pedagogy