Elles (2011.) (2025)

: A Polish immigrant student who views her clients with a detached, clinical sense of business. She uses the income to achieve independence and class mobility in a foreign city.

Szumowska employs a highly sensory, intimate camera style to enforce what theorists call the "female gaze." The film utilizes tight close-ups, handheld camera movements, and an immersive sound design to place the viewer directly in the physical and emotional spaces of the women. Elles (2011.)

The following paper investigates how Elles contrasts the overt transactional survival of the young women with the covert, unfulfilled emotional labor within traditional marriage. : A Polish immigrant student who views her