: Small-amplitude, fast oscillations performed deep into the joint's resistance to stretch stiff tissues.
: A high-velocity, low-amplitude "thrust" (manipulation) often performed at the end of the range. Clinical Application Examples : Small-amplitude, fast oscillations performed deep into the
: Large-amplitude oscillations within the mid-range of movement. These are also used to manage pain and introduce motion without hitting joint resistance. These are also used to manage pain and
: A therapist may use "glides" (sliding the patella or tibia) to help a patient regain the ability to bend or straighten their leg. These are primarily used for pain relief
: Small-amplitude, fast oscillations performed at the beginning of the joint’s range. These are primarily used for pain relief .
Clinical practice typically follows the , which categorizes these movements into five grades based on their intensity and the point of resistance in the joint:
: Large-amplitude oscillations that reach into the resistance of the joint. These are designed to increase mobility .