: This paper (2022) analyzes the shift toward online direct consumption. It proposes a conceptual framework (FOCE) that divides the direct-buying experience into three dimensions: perceived risk, emotional experience, and interactive technology experience.
: Domestic direct purchases keep capital within the local economy, strengthening local supply chains and community employment. Shop Factory Direct for Affordable Custom Furniture buy furniture direct from manufacturer
: Published in Business Horizons (2025), this study addresses the "DTC paradox." It finds that manufacturers often achieve better long-term results by integrating traditional dealers into their direct strategies rather than bypassing them entirely, which helps reduce channel conflict and enhances digital engagement. : This paper (2022) analyzes the shift toward